Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg (1547-1601) was the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne and enjoyed the kind of job security most would kill for, until he met Agnes von Mansfeld and decided that a Protestant marriage was more convenient for his needs.
In a move that local Catholics found rather sub-optimal, he converted to Calvinism and tried to turn the Archbishopric into a secular family heirloom. This attempt to “have his cake and marry it too” ignored the situation where if you stop believing in a Church’s theology, you might actually want to leave it.
The resulting five year long Cologne War was partly the outcome and Gebhard’s defiance managed to annoy the Pope enough to earn him an excommunication and sparked a continental mess that dragged in Spanish and Dutch armies. Despite his grand ambitions of a secular dynasty, his Protestant allies eventually realised that subsidising a romantic rebellion was a poor investment, leaving Gebhard to flee his burning residence in Bonn.
Gebhard ended his days as a cathedral dean in Strasbourg, a significant step down from Prince-Elector. He’s still buried in Strasbourg cathedral, but his legacy is still relevant because Gebhard failed to transform Cologne into a secular Protestant duchy and so the territory became a vanguard of the Counter-Reformation. The artwork in the photo was painted in 1579 when all was well and before his little relationship issues was one of the reasons that a number of nations started to fight each other.